How Do Homeowners Prevent Pipe Freezing in Cold Weather?

Insulation is your first defense against freezing. Foam pipe sleeves or fiberglass wrap are common and affordable materials to use. Focus on pipes in unheated spaces like attics, basements, and crawl spaces. Also insulate pipes running along exterior walls or in cabinets. Remember to cover outdoor faucets with insulating covers to block cold air from entering the pipe.

Check insulation annually for damage or gaps. Replace any wet or compressed insulation, as it loses its effectiveness. For pipes in extremely cold areas, consider using thermostatically controlled heat tape. Always follow manufacturer instructions for installation to avoid a fire hazard. Proper insulation slows heat loss, keeping water above freezing temperatures longer.

A slow drip from faucets relieves pressure inside pipes. If water is moving, it is harder for it to freeze solid. Let both hot and cold faucets drip, especially those fed by pipes in exterior walls. This tactic is most useful during severe, sustained cold spells when temperatures drop well below freezing.

In the fall, disconnect and drain garden hoses. Shut off the indoor valve that supplies outdoor faucets, then open the outdoor spigot to drain any remaining water. If you have a sprinkler system, have it professionally blown out. Stagnant water in these lines will freeze and can crack the pipe or valve.

• Let cold and hot faucets drip during extreme cold.
• Focus on faucets supplied by pipes on exterior walls.
• Disconnect, drain, and store garden hoses indoors.
• Shut off indoor valves to outdoor faucets for winter.
• Drain the outdoor spigot after shutting off the supply.
• Have in-ground sprinkler systems professionally blown out.

If a faucet has no flow, a pipe may be frozen. You can try to thaw it gently with a hair dryer, starting near the faucet. Never use an open flame or a propane torch, as this is a fire risk and can damage the pipe. If you cannot locate the freeze or it does not thaw, call a plumber.

If a pipe bursts, turn off the main water supply immediately. Then, call a plumber for the repair and local water damage pros for cleanup. They have industrial equipment to extract water, dry the structure, and help prevent mold. Move belongings out of the water if it is safe to do so. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered.

• Thaw a frozen pipe gently with a hair dryer, working from faucet toward blockage.
• Never use a torch, heat gun, or open flame on a frozen pipe.
• If a pipe bursts, shut off the main water valve immediately.
• Call a plumber for the pipe repair.
• Contact local water damage pros for water extraction and drying.
• Move valuables and furniture out of standing water if safe.